Spring完成简洁Junit4测试

　　导入Spring test测试jar包
　　        spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
　　

　　package springTest;
　　
　　import org.junit.Test;
　　import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
　　import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
　　import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
　　import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
　　
　　import com.myapps.service.IUserService;
　　
　　//   如果不写"/"代表从(SpringTest)本测试类当前包作为根路径。
　　//   写"/"代表从classpath的根查找
　　@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
　　@ContextConfiguration("/applicationContext.xml")
　　public class MySpringTest {
　　
　　	@Autowired
　　	private IUserService userService;
　　	
　　	@Test
　　	public void test(){
　　		System.out.println(userService);
　　	}
　　	
　　}
　　

 

 

　　抛出以下异常：
　　
　　java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:103)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:73)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
　　	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
　　	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
　　	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
　　Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-service.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userDao' while setting bean property 'userDao'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userDao' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-dao.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to get the default Bean Validation factory
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:329)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:107)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1391)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1132)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:607)
　　	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
　　	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
　　	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
　　	... 24 more
　　Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userDao' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-dao.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to get the default Bean Validation factory
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:329)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:107)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1391)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1132)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:323)
　　	... 42 more
　　Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to get the default Bean Validation factory
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1486)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:323)
　　	... 52 more
　　Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to get the default Bean Validation factory
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationActivator.applyDDL(BeanValidationActivator.java:127)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.applyBeanValidationConstraintsOnDDL(Configuration.java:1704)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.applyConstraintsToDDL(Configuration.java:1654)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1445)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildMappings(Configuration.java:1375)
　　	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:720)
　　	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:188)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1545)
　　	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1483)
　　	... 59 more
　　Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
　　	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
　　	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
　　	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
　　	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationActivator.applyDDL(BeanValidationActivator.java:118)
　　	... 67 more
　　Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to build the default ValidatorFactory
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.getValidatorFactory(TypeSafeActivator.java:383)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.applyDDL(TypeSafeActivator.java:109)
　　	... 72 more
　　Caused by: javax.validation.ValidationException: Unable to instantiate Configuration.
　　	at javax.validation.Validation$GenericBootstrapImpl.configure(Validation.java:272)
　　	at javax.validation.Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory(Validation.java:111)
　　	at org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.getValidatorFactory(TypeSafeActivator.java:380)
　　	... 73 more
　　Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
　　	at java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundle(Unknown Source)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.loadBundle(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:202)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.getFileBasedResourceBundle(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:182)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.<init>(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:81)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.<init>(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:73)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.engine.ConfigurationImpl.<init>(ConfigurationImpl.java:57)
　　	at org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator.createGenericConfiguration(HibernateValidator.java:43)
　　	at javax.validation.Validation$GenericBootstrapImpl.configure(Validation.java:269)
　　	... 75 more
　　

 

 

 

　　[ 解决办法 ]
javax.persistence.validation.mode默认情况下是auto的，就是说如果不设置的话它是会自动去你的classpath下面找一个bean-validation包，但是找不到，所以beanvalitionFactory错误。由于javax.persistence.validation.mode的属性值默认是auto，所以会出错。在hibernate.cfg.xml里将javax.persistence.validation.mode设置为none，就可以避免出错了。 	<property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</property>
如果hibernate的主配置文件交由spring管理，则在相应的位置修改即可。
关于Bean Validation 的快速入门可以参考前辈们写的：
http://www.iteye.com/news/15265
http://developer.51cto.com/art/201104/253257.htm